!. Tirana was liberated by the partisans on 17 November 1944 after a 20-day battle. The Germans formed a 'neutral government' in Tirana with the Balli Kombtar. At the end of 1942, guerrilla forces numbered no more than 8,000 to 10,000. In, Gapminder, und UN DESA. )exports: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. In 1930, the Comintern dispatched Ali Kelmendi to Albania to organise communist cells. When Maqellar, midway between Debar and Peshkopi, was recaptured by the Fifth Partisan Brigade, the Germans with the assistance of the Ballist forces of Xhem Hasa launched an attack from Debar, defeating the partisans. Benito Mussolini boasted in May 1941 to a group of Albanian fascists that he had achieved the Greater Albania long wanted by the Tirana nationalists. [39] Some 401 were engaged in logistic roles and another 1,277 were attached to local commands. The country's second largest city and major port is Durrs. Beijing previously tried to rein its population. Some other 70 Armenians created their own unit attached to First Shock Brigade in September 1944. [18], A nationalist resistance to the Italian occupiers emerged in October 1942. In 1930 he attended the university at Montpellier in France, but lost an Albanian state scholarship for neglecting his studies. ), fresh water lake(s): Lake Scutari (shared with Montenegro) - 400 sq kmnote - largest lake in the Balkans, Atlantic Ocean drainage: (Black Sea) Danube (795,656 sq km), a fairly even distribution, with somewhat higher concentrations of people in the western and central parts of the country, destructive earthquakes; tsunamis occur along southwestern coast; floods; drought, strategic location along Strait of Otranto (links Adriatic Sea to Ionian Sea and Mediterranean Sea), Albanian 82.6%, Greek 0.9%, other 1% (including Vlach, Romani, Macedonian, Montenegrin, and Egyptian), unspecified 15.5% (2011 est. The remaining 28 are administrative units also known as "units of local governance" (njsi t qeverisjes . )from consumed natural gas: 78,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. (August 31, 2019). The resistance in Albania became active after the defeats of the Italian forces in the war with Greece, which started on 28 October 1940. [7] The government began letting Italians take technical positions in Albania's civil service, and also began allowing Italian settlers to enter Albania. ; Albania ranks number 140 in the list of countries (and dependencies) by population. [12], One of Mussolini's plans with the Italian protectorate of Albania was to italianize its citizens.[13]. The bulk of the stores received in this and subsequent drops were donated to the NLM, who were the dominant group in Southern Albania, and were used to equip the "First Partisan Brigade". The warfare ceased for a while.[16]. Tirana is the heart of Albania and it is the economic, cultural, political, and social center of the country. Population. During the war, the NLM's Communist-dominated partisans, in the form of the National Liberation Army, ignored warnings from the Italian occupiers that there would be reprisals for guerrilla attacks. Its capital and largest city is Tirana, which was founded as a city in 1614, but the area around Tirana has been continuously inhabited since as long ago as the Bronze Age. )note: Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports. [22] In the autumn of 1943, Nazi Germany occupied all of Albania after Italy was defeated. Gapminder, & UN DESA. )industry: 24.2% (2017 est. King Zog refused to accept money in exchange for countenancing a full Italian takeover and colonisation of Albania, and on April 7, 1939, Mussolini's troops, led by General Alfredo Guzzoni, invaded Albania[3] attacking all Albanian ports simultaneously. )consumption: 42.05 million cubic meters (2019 est. [24] This was not well received among Albanians. )solar: 0.6% of total installed capacity (2020 est. Enver Hoxha and a veteran of the Spanish Civil War, Mehmet Shehu, eventually rose to become the most powerful figures in Albania for decades after the war. Albania's capital and largest city is Tirana. The Albanian armed resistance proved ineffective against the Italians and, after a short defense, the country was occupied. [11] The few Albanian units raised to fight during the developments of the Greco-Italian War (19401941) alongside the Italian Army mostly "either deserted or fled in droves". [citation needed], As Germany annexed Austria and moved against Czechoslovakia, Italy saw itself becoming a second-rate member of the Axis. Communist partisans took over the country in 1944. . They supported the creation of Greater Albania by Italians and called for the creation of a republic and the introduction of economic and social reforms, opposing King Zog's return. Vlore experiences a Mediterranean climate where summers are hot dry and cold, wet winters. 46 of the cities listed here govern the municipality with the same. History of 3rd Shock Brigade p. 17-18 (Historiku i Brigads III Sulmuese, f. List of cities in Albania by population 2022 2023. This front, which increased in numbers within several months, was crushed in April 1941 after the defeat of Yugoslavia and Greece. CASPER Liquor laws and eyesore properties are top priorities for the Wyoming Association of Municipalities this legislative session. Paris became the Albanian communists' hub until Nazi deportations depleted their ranks after the fall of France in 1940. )investment in fixed capital: 25.2% (2017 est. )75.7% of GDP (2019 est. Resurgence of faith in the formerly communist country is raising fears of foreign influence. On June 3, 1939, the Albanian foreign ministry was merged into the Italian foreign ministry. Albanian resistance began in 1940 with small etas but it became a significant force in 1942. [24] Similarly in Kievo, Gostivar and Tetovo, the remaining Ballists tried to remain in control of the region after the Yugoslav Partisans announced victory. The National Liberation Army, which in October 1944 consisted of 70,000 regulars, also took part in the war alongside the antifascist coalition. Pogradec, Albania. Eugene is a town in Oregon in the US, known for its diversity. Numbers generally reflect the city population, rather than the urban areas, municipality, or urban agglomeration. Home Europe Albania. Cost of living. Given these numbers, Tirana is the cultural, educational and economic hub of Albania. Summary. Albania, a formerly closed, centrally planned state, is a developing country with a modern open-market economy. Born in 1908 to a Tosk landowner from Gjirokastr who returned to Albania after working in the United States, Hoxha attended the country's best college-preparatory school, the National Lyce in Kor. [25] The insurrection was later crushed and Ballist leaders were either imprisoned, exiled or killed due to their co-operation with the Nazis. This definition is the percentage of the population living on less than $5.50 per day, the poverty threshold for upper-middle-income countries. [26], The Germans were intent on setting up an autonomous administration and endeavoured to persuade Albanian leaders to form a government to take over the administration of the country themselves. Facebook: quarterly number of MAU (monthly active users) worldwide 2008-2022, Quarterly smartphone market share worldwide by vendor 2009-2022, Number of apps available in leading app stores Q3 2022, Profit from additional features with an Employee Account. )expenditures: 3.874 billion (2017 est. )108.65 (2020 est. Albania, officially the Republic of Albania, is a country in Southeastern Europe. It is located on the Adriatic and Ionian Sea within the Mediterranean Sea, and shares land borders with Montenegro to the northwest, Kosovo to the northeast, Macedonia to the east, Greece to the south; and maritime borders with Serbia, Montenegro and Italy to the west. Largest Cities in Albania CITY NAME ), total: 22.4% (2020 est. Since large cities tend to have . )13.33% (2020 est. ), general assessment: Albanias small telecom market has experienced some significant changes in recent years; upgrades were made to the fixed-line infrastructure to support broadband services; fixed-line telephony use and penetration in Albania is declining steadily as subscribers migrate to mobile solutions; the mobile sector is well provided with LTE networks, while operators have invested in 5G; some of these efforts have been made in conjunction with neighboring Kosovo, with the intention of a seamless 5G corridor along the highway connecting the two countries; the country has long sought accession to the European Union (EU) which has benefited its telecoms sector through closer scrutiny of its regulatory regime and through the injection of funding to help modernize infrastructure (2021)domestic: fixed-line approximately 8 per 100, teledensity continues to decline due to heavy use of mobile-cellular telephone services; mobile-cellular telephone use is widespread and generally effective, 91 per 100 for mobile-cellular (2020)international: country code - 355; submarine cablesfor the Adria 1 and Italy-Albania provide connectivity to Italy, Croatia, and Greece; a combination submarine cable and land fiber-optic system, provides additional connectivity to Bulgaria, Macedonia, and Turkey; international traffic carried by fiber-optic cable and, when necessary, by microwave radio relay from the Tirana exchange to Italy and Greece (2019)note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress toward 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services, Albania has more than 65 TV stations, including several that broadcast nationally; Albanian TV broadcasts are also available to Albanian-speaking populations in neighboring countries; many viewers have access to Italian and Greek TV broadcasts via terrestrial reception; Albania's TV stations have begun a government-mandated conversion from analog to digital broadcast; the government has pledged to provide analog-to-digital converters to low-income families affected by this decision; cable TV service is available; 2 public radio networks and roughly 78 private radio stations; several international broadcasters are available (2019), total: 2,043,251 (2020 est. In terms of population, Albania is one of the smaller countries in Europe, with just three million residents as of 2016. )crude oil and lease condensate exports: 10,500 bbl/day (2018 est. Albania declared its independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1912, but was conquered by Italy in 1939 and occupied by Germany in 1943. During the remainder of 1944, SOE continued to supply the NLM, despite complaints from MacLean and Smiley, now running liaison parties with Abaz Kupi's group and the Balli Kombtar in Northern Albania, that the NLM were using these arms against their political opponents rather than the Germans. The Albanian Fascist Party of Tefik Mborja had strong support in the country population after the Albania annexation of Kosovo. )note: data are in 2017 dollars, 2.04% (2021 est. Total population . Albanian agents recruited before the war, are reported to have operated behind Greek lines and engaged in acts of sabotage but these were few in number. Elbasan and Shkoder are among the oldest cities in Albania, and they play vital roles as cultural centers of the country. Despite a weak domestic economy, Mussolini guaranteed the Albanians the sum of 22 million pounds over five years for economic development, considerably more than the 8.2 million Rome had spent since the early 1920s. By the summer of 1943, when the Italian effort collapsed, almost all of the mountainous interior was controlled by resistance units. Albania rural population for 2021 was 1,041,188, a 3.16% decline from 2020. Religions: Islam, Christianity. Although they noted that the Communist-led NLM appeared to be more interested in securing political power after the war than fighting the Germans, they recommended that SOE continue to supply them, while attempting to achieve agreement between the NLM and the other resistance movements.[45]. RELATED: Top 10 Most Beautiful Cities in the World 2022. 1. Tirana, the capital city of Albania, lies on the western side of Albania surrounded by hills. . According to the results of the census, these are now the 10 cities and towns in Croatia with the most residents. Their leaders acted conservatively, however, fearing that the occupiers would carry out reprisals against them or confiscate the landowners' estates. Albania managed to weather the first waves of the global financial crisis but, the negative effects of the crisis caused a significant economic slowdown. )transmission/distribution losses: 1.054 billion kWh (2019 est. Patos, Albania. The Allies never recognized an Albanian government in exile or King Zog and failed to raise the question of Albania or its borders at any of the major wartime conferences. The Dajiti Mountain lies to the east. )-3.48% (2020 est. Cities in Albania by population list. Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic. [4] The nucleus of his guerrilla group was composed of 70 seasoned and highly experienced fighters which in case of emergency could become a thousand men strong. )subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 18 (2020 est. )percent of population: 72% (2020 est. The city lies between two rivers, Drini and Buna on the eastern shores of Lake Shkoder. The Albanian partisans also helped in the liberation of Kosovo, and assisted Tito's communist forces in liberating part of Montenegro and southern Bosnia and Herzegovina. This list of Argentine cities by population briefly explains the three different population figures given for Argentine cities, and provides rankings for each. In fact, the country had no fully-fledged Communist Party before World War II. By mid-August there were some six thousand German troops in Albania. 1 Tirana (Tiran) the capital. On 1722 February 1943 in the village of Labinot, the first nationwide conference of ACP took place. 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