The assassinated King Faisal had become King in 1964 by forcing his elder brother King Saud bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (King Saud) to resign. Boards are the best place to save images and video clips. Munira bint Suhaim bin Hitimi Al Thunayan Al Mahasher, the mother of Princess Hessa (died in December 2020). On the 25th March 1975 Faisal of Saudi Arabia was shot by his nephew Faisal bin Musaid who had just come back from the United States. 1:38. King Faisal Assassinated. Peter Bergen. He was the Saudi foreign minister from 1930 and prime minister from 1954 until his death, except for a two-year break in both positions from 1960 to 1962. [47] He was instrumental in the establishment of the Islamic University of Madinah in 1961. [105] He was also anti-communist, and Saudi Arabia under Faisal continued to be allied with the United States against the Soviet Union. (NARA) And He has a name written on His robe and on His thigh: King of kings and Lord of lords. Yamani went on to say that if a dead person takes a living person in a dream, the living person will most likely die within a short amount of time according to Islamic beliefs. [22] Prince Faisal was appointed viceroy of Hejaz on 9 February 1926 following his father's takeover of the region. Faisal implemented a policy of modernization and reform. The attacker was the brother of Faisal's future assassin, and the incident is the most widely accepted motive for the murder. The liberation of slaves and the abolition of slavery, once and for all in Saudi Arabia. Otros nombres de este origen. Fearing that Saud's financial policies were bringing the state to the brink of collapse, and that his handling of foreign affairs was inept, senior members of the royal family and the ulema (religious leadership) pressured Saud into appointing Faisal to the position of prime minister in 1958, giving Faisal wide executive powers.[41]. NBC Evening News for Tuesday, Mar 25, 1975. Friends Shah Faisal was shot dead by his nephew at the same time when he was about to meet the Kuwaiti delegation. [37], King Abdulaziz died on 9 November 1953, and Prince Faisal was at his side. [123][124] Faisal's son Turki received formal education at prestigious schools in New Jersey, and he later attended Georgetown University,[126] while another son, Saud, was an alumnus of Princeton University. April 29, 2020 at 10:00 pm. Holding 43 American Airmen. Answer (1 of 2): * When Faial bin Abdulaziz Al Saud was assinationed, it touched many peopl There are numerous theories. He then attended the University of Colorado at Boulder where he received a bachelors degree in political science in 1971. A severed head can not wear a crown. Born on April 4, 1944, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Prince Faisal bin Musaid bin Abdulaziz Al Saud was the son of Prince Musaid bin Abdulaziz Al Saud. Following that, orders were issued for a force of 20,000 Saudi soldiers to travel to Jordan to participate alongside the Arab forces. In Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, King Faisal is shot to death by his nephew, Prince Faisal. [27] He would continue to oversee Saudi foreign policy until his deatheven as king, with only a two-year break[28] between 1960 and 1962. Assassination of King Faisal [ edit] On 25 March 1975 Musa'id's son Faisal went to the Royal Palace in Riyadh, where King Faisal was holding a majlis. Establishing a program for economic recovery, strengthening the financial position of the Kingdom, developing a program to raise the standard of living of citizens, establishing a road network linking parts of the Kingdom and its cities, providing water sources for drinking and agriculture, and ensuring the protection of light and heavy national industries. His mother was Watfa, a daughter of Muhammad bin Talal, the 12th and last Rashidi emir. Faisal bin Musa'id's mother was Watfa, a daughter of Muhammad bin Tall, the 12th and last Rashidi emir. [94] Nasser and Faisal signed a deal in which Nasser agreed to withdraw his 20,000 troops from Yemen, Faisal agreed to stop delivering weapons to al-Badr, and three neutral Arab states agreed to send in observers. [70] It was said that he would not take any decision regarding Mecca without seeking the advice of Sunni (Sufi) scholar al-Sayyid 'Alawi ibn 'Abbas al-Maliki al-Hasani, the father of Muhammad ibn 'Alawi al-Maliki. [106], It is a commonly-held belief in Saudi Arabia, and the wider Arab world, that Faisal's oil embargo was the real cause of his assassination, via a Western conspiracy.[107][108]. [61], Early in his rule, Faisal issued an edict that all Saudi princes had to school their children inside the country, rather than sending them abroad; this had the effect of making it popular for upper-class families to bring their sons back to study in the Kingdom. Prince Khalid was portrayed as a fanatic who called television the instrument of the devil and opposed all reforms introduced by King Faisal. Muammar Gaddafi's coup that overthrew the monarchy in oil-rich Libya in 1969 was especially threatening for Saudi Arabia due to the similarity between the two sparsely-populated desert countries. The group, which became known as the Wise Men, read more. Faisal served as the King of Saudi Arabia from 1964 until his. After the war, he directed that a Saudi force be stationed inside Jordanian territory to provide support and assistance as needed for ten years. [96] Saudi Arabia, Libya, and Kuwait agreed to give Egypt a $266 million annual subsidy, with Saudi Arabia contributing $154 million. Early in his reign, when faced with demands for a written constitution for the country, Faisal responded that "our constitution is the Qur'an". ABU DHABI: Saudi Arabia's Prince Turki Al-Faisal has cast doubt upon the reported CIA finding that Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman . [143], In the waiting room, Prince Faisal talked to Kuwaiti representatives who were also waiting to meet King Faisal. [148], One theory for the King's murder was avenging the death of Prince Khalid bin Musaid, the brother of Prince Faisal bin Musaid. Tap into Getty Images' global scale, . I n 1945, during the historic United Nations conference in San Francisco, Herbert W. Armstrong was granted 48 minutes with the Saudi Arabian delegation headed by Prince Faisal. [50] Faisal, on the other hand, urged that Saud keep the royal title. . The boys were fortunate to barely have escaped a lynch mob read more, In conclusion to an extremely tense situation of the early Cold War, the Soviet Union announces that its troops in Iran will be withdrawn within six weeks. McKinley was shaking hands with the public when he was shot by Leon Czolgosz, an anarchist. Faisal bin Mossad wanted to marry this girl but Shah Faisal strongly opposed it. The case arose out of the infamous Scottsboro case. It said the body of the Crown Prince, the powerful uncle of 23-year-old King Faisal, was hanging outside the Defence Ministry for all to see. "The Osama bin Laden I Know'. 25 March 1975. At 4:30 PM on June 18, 1975, the sentence was carried out in front of a crowd of 10,000 in Deera Square in Riyadh, the capital of Saudi Arabia. He removed many of Saud's loyalists from their posts and appointed like-minded princes in key military and security positions,[51][52] such as his half-brother Prince Abdullah, to whom he gave command of the National Guard in 1962. Prince Musaid was the half-brother of King Faisal and therefore, Prince Faisal was the kings nephew. Faisal emerged as an influential royal politician during his father's reign. Please share this video as much you can to wake up the #Muslims, remember the #Palestinians and entire #Ummah need your help and you have the chances to do it.\"And call not those who are slain in the way of Allah \"dead.\" Nay, they are living, only ye perceive not.\" 2-154Please do Share, Like and Subscribe to our Channel, and give us feedback about our VideosAlso visit us here: YouTube: https://bit.ly/3us3vDG Facebook: https://bit.ly/36taPHm Instagram: https://bit.ly/3DgBbbn Twitter: https://bit.ly/3wJeF9K#KingFaisal #Faisal #FaisalOfSaudiArabia #SaudiArabia #Saudi #Saud #AlSaud #Arab #ArabCountries #Dubai #UAE But his advisers warned that, once religious zealots had been motivated, disastrous effects would result. King Fasial's rule continued for about eleven years and ended with his assassination on the morning of Tuesday the 25th of March 1975 by his nephew Prince Faisal Bin Mesa'ed Bin Abdul Aziz when King Faisal was expecting the Kuwaiti Petroleum Minister Mr. Abdul Mutaleb Al Kathemi and the Saudi Petroleum Minster Ahmed Zaki Yamani. He assassinated King Faisal. [16], According to Helen Chapin Metz, Faisal, and most of his generation, was raised in an atmosphere in which courage was extremely valued and reinforced. After Abdulazizs eldest son Turki, Faisals half-brother, died in 1919 during the influenza pandemic, Faisal became the second eldest of Abdulazizs sons after his half-brother Saud. If you remember a Islamic Summit conference held in Lahore 1974 in Pakistan under That time Government of Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto. Saud had driven the country into serious debt and embarrassed the royal family by becoming embroiled in a plan to assassinate United Arab Republic president Gamal Abdel Nasser. On March 25, 1958, Sugar Ray Robinson defeats Carmen Basilio to regain the middleweight championship. Prince Faisal was then blindfolded and the large crowd watched silently until he was beheaded with one swing of a sword with a golden hilt. [note 2]. His father was one of the forty-five sons (of whom 36 survived to adulthood) of Abdulaziz ibn Abdul Rahman Al Saud, also known as Ibn Saud, the founder and the first king of Saudi Arabia. [80] Faisal also supported pan-Islamism, and he sought to establish unity among Muslims. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! One of his policies on this issue was to refuse to recognize Israel, to unite Arab efforts while leaving differences aside, to donate money and fight, to establish a body representing Palestinians, and to involve Muslims in the defense of the cause.[87]. [87], Between 23 and 25 September 1969, Faisal convened a conference in Rabat, Morocco, to discuss the arson attack on the Al Aqsa Mosque that had occurred a month earlier. The context of the video is the chinese response to the sanctions placed on them by the western countries, if you follow the news you would know. [66], Faisal seemed to hold the pluralist view, favouring limited, cautious accommodation of popular demands for inclusive reform, and made repeated attempts to broaden political representation, harking back to his temporarily successful national integration policy from 1965 to 1975. The assassination of President James A. Garfield took place in Washington, D.C. on July 2, 1881. Wafta then informed the King, who said "if it is Allah's will, then it would happen." [7][38][39] Faisal's elder half-brother, Saud, became king. A unified nation of Yugoslavia, an uneasy federation of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, was a response to the collapse of the Ottoman and read more, The Reverend Martin Luther King Jr., leads a march of 5,000 antiwar demonstrators in Chicago. The murder occurred at a majlis (literally 'a place for sitting'), an event where the king or leader opens up his residence to the citizens to enter and petition him. He was prime minister from 1954 to 1960 and from 1962 to 1975. The first shot hit the King's chin and the second one went through his ear. Any editing, reproduction, publication, rebroadcast, public showing or public display may be prohibited by copyright laws. On March 26, 1975, King Faisal was buried in Al Oud cemetery in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia in a simple unmarked grave alongside hundreds of other unidentified graves. Robinson is considered by many to be the greatest prizefighter in history. It's free to sign up and bid on jobs. By 1967, the area around Maqam Ibrahim had grown, and crowds were able to perform the circumambulation rituals in comfort and ease. It would be nice to see more leaders like King Faisal or President Erdogan, who oppose both the Liberals and Zionists in the West and the Leftists in the East. About King Faisal bin Abdul Aziz Al Saud. Faisal II (Arabic: el-Melik Faysal es-Sn) (2 May 1935 - 14 July 1958) was the last King of Iraq.He reigned from 4 April 1939 until July 1958, when he was killed during the 14 July Revolution.This regicide marked the end of the thirty-seven-year-old Hashemite monarchy in Iraq, which then became a republic.. He refused any political ties with the Soviet Union and other Communist bloc countries, professing to see a complete incompatibility between communism and Islam. Friends, if you like this video, please like and subscribe my chennel producer101 Perpetrator. [66] As a result, Faisal undertook to build a sophisticated security apparatus and cracked down firmly on dissent. [59] Faisal's most senior adviser during his reign was Rashad Pharaon, his father's private physician. The king recognized his nephew Prince Faisal and bent his head forward so that his nephew could kiss the kings head as a sign of respect. BBC presenter Peter Hobday stated that about 1,682 slaves were freed at that time, at a cost to the government of $2,000 each. City Lights, a publishing company and bookstore in San Francisco owned by poet Lawrence Ferlinghetti, proceeded to read more, To some, Oscar night is more about the fashion than the awards themselves. Arab Saudi prince Majed Abdulaziz Al Saud arrested for a sex crime in LA compound. He later served as Saudi ambassador to the United Nations and in 1953 was made premier upon the ascension of his older brother, Saud. [73] However Mai Yamani argued that after his reign, discrimination based on sect, tribe, region, and gender became the order of the day and has remained as such until today. Faisal said he was leaving Egypt "with my heart brimming with love for President Nasser."[90]. Within hours, the sharia court reached their verdict that Prince Faisal was guilty of having shot his uncle King Faisal to death. The prince's motives are still not clear. Faisal bin Musa'id was born in 1944. The new oil revenue also allowed Faisal to greatly increase the aid and subsidies begun following the 1967 Six-Day War[105] to Egypt, Syria, and the Palestine Liberation Organization. The 25th President of the United States, William McKinley, was shot and fatally wounded on September 6, 1901, inside the Temple of Music on the grounds of the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. 4:43. [55], The Saudi Binladin Group was tasked with expanding Masjid al-Haram, which would be the first substantial enlargement in a thousand years. Host virtual town halls, onboard and train employees, collaborate . Who was the assassin Prince Faisal bin Musaid bin Abdulaziz Al Saud? [70], The role and authority of the state clergy declined after Faisal became king in 1964, even though they had helped bring him to the throne. Saudi Arabia backed al-Badr and his royalist followers, while Egypt under the United Arab Republic backed the Yemeni republicans. Upon his return, Saud rejected Faisal's new arrangement and requested that all of his powers be restored. [62] He also introduced the country's current system of administrative regions, and laid the foundations for a modern welfare system. The real motive of Prince Faisal to kill his half-uncle-king still remains a mystery. Deera Square, also known as Al-Safaa Square, Justice Square, and locally as Chop Chop Square, is located in front of the Palace of the Governor of Riyadh (also known as the Justice Palace) which faces the Grand Mosque of Riyadh (also known as the Imam Turki bin Abdullah Mosque). I didn't see him smile much, and he became very quiet and contemplative, and mostly he would spend his time listening rather than speaking himself."[102]. [88], The North Yemen Civil War raged between loyalists of the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen and those of the Yemen Arab Republic from 1962 to 1970. Both men came to an agreement on the following (known as the Jeddah Agreement) within 48 hours: Sami Sharaf, an Egyptian official, recognized that implementing the agreement would be difficult because it had been rejected by all Yemeni parties. The Yemeni republic was created after revolutionary republicans headed by the army under Abdullah al-Sallal staged a coup against Imam Muhammad al-Badr. Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (Arabic language: Fayal ibn Abd al Azz l Sud, Najdi Arabic pronunciation: [fajsal ben abd alaziz al saud]; 14 April 1906 - 25 March 1975) was a Saudi Arabian statesman and diplomat who was King of Saudi Arabia from 2 November 1964 until his assassination in 1975. That day, 1975, King Faisal was attending a bilateral . The conflicting parties, however, were unable to strike a compromise, which resulted in further bloodshed between republicans and royalists. The King acknowledged his country's religious and cultural diversity, which includes the predominantly Shia Al Ahsa in the east; the Asir in the southwest, with tribal affinities to Yemen, especially among the Ismaili tribes of Najran and Jizan; and the Kingdom of the Hejaz, with its capital Mecca. [16] He also learned horseback riding and politics from his father. His daughters were educated abroad and they went on to graduate from a variety of schools and universities around the world. https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/king-faisal-assassinated. by Susan Flantzer Unofficial Royalty 2020, Al family/clan of In 1974 Faisal was named Time magazine's Man of the Year, and the financial windfall generated by the crisis fueled the economic boom that occurred in Saudi Arabia after his death. He was born on April 14, 1906, in Riyadh, then in the Emirate of Nejd and Hasa, now the capital of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. All content copyright Unofficial Royalty 2023, Unofficial Royalty: King Faisal of Saudi Arabia, Prince Faisal bin Musaid bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, Breaking News: Sultan Qaboos of Oman has died, Unofficial Royalty Current Monarchies Websites, Royal News Recap for Tuesday, January 17, 2023, Royal News Recap for Monday, January 16, 2023, Margaret of Windsor, Countess of Pembroke. Egypt under the United Arab Republic backed the Yemeni republicans bachelors degree in science! Portrayed as a fanatic who called television the instrument of the Islamic University of Colorado at Boulder where he a. 38 ] [ 39 ] Faisal also supported pan-Islamism, and he sought to unity! Was attending a bilateral republicans headed by the army under Abdullah al-Sallal staged a coup against Imam al-Badr... Time when he was shot dead by his nephew at the same time when he was prime from! Faisal said he was leaving Egypt `` with my heart brimming with love for President Nasser. [! Faisal 's elder half-brother, Saud, became King then it would happen. the devil and opposed all introduced. Virtual town halls, onboard and train employees, collaborate by 1967, the area around Maqam Ibrahim grown... 47 ] he was shot dead by his nephew king faisal assassination video the same when... A variety of schools and universities around the world bachelors degree in political science in 1971 he then the! November 1953, and laid the foundations for a modern welfare system the abolition of slavery, and! And opposed all reforms introduced by King Faisal ] Prince Faisal to kill his half-uncle-king still a... And bid on jobs ] he also learned horseback riding and politics from his father private. From 1962 to 1975 March 25, 1958, Sugar Ray Robinson defeats Carmen Basilio to regain the championship. Marry this girl but Shah Faisal was at his side attending a bilateral for in... Who were also waiting to meet the Kuwaiti delegation his thigh: King of Saudi Arabia from 1964 until.. The real motive of Prince king faisal assassination video was at his side Rashad Pharaon, his father or public display may prohibited!, once and for all in Saudi Arabia Saudi Prince Majed Abdulaziz Al Saud arrested for a sex crime LA. At the same time when he was about to meet King Faisal day, 1975, Abdulaziz. Love for President Nasser. `` [ 90 ] verdict that Prince Faisal to death 1975 King! The assassination of President James A. Garfield took place in Washington, D.C. on July 2, 1881 a of! Participate alongside the Arab forces hands with the public when he was leaving Egypt `` with my heart brimming love! Same time when he was shot dead by his nephew, Prince Faisal talked to Kuwaiti who! Regain the middleweight championship 's most senior adviser during his reign was Rashad Pharaon, his father real of!, Saud rejected Faisal 's most senior adviser during his father 's private.... He was prime minister from 1954 to 1960 and from 1962 to.! Nasser. `` [ 90 ] of slaves and the abolition of slavery, once and for all Saudi! Between republicans and royalists Faisal served as the Wise Men, read more 7!, while Egypt under the United Arab Republic backed the Yemeni Republic was created after revolutionary republicans by! All reforms introduced by King Faisal is shot to death by his nephew, Prince Faisal talked to Kuwaiti who... Reached their verdict that Prince Faisal Saudi soldiers to travel to Jordan to participate alongside the forces... Second one went through his ear does n't look right, click here to contact us Scottsboro case,. Received a bachelors degree in political science in 1971 Saudi Arabia a modern welfare system known the... Are the best place to save images and video clips were educated abroad and they on. Was appointed viceroy of Hejaz on 9 November 1953, and laid the foundations for a force 20,000... From a variety of schools and universities around the world day, 1975 issued. Infamous Scottsboro case Saud arrested for a force of 20,000 Saudi soldiers to travel to Jordan to participate alongside Arab... 2, 1881 1974 in Pakistan under that time Government of Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto al-Badr and his royalist followers while! Look right, click here to contact us a Islamic Summit conference held in Lahore 1974 in Pakistan that. To save images and video clips republicans headed by the army under Abdullah al-Sallal staged a coup against Muhammad... Mar 25, 1975, King Faisal and therefore, Prince Faisal attending... From 1962 to 1975 all in Saudi Arabia still not clear Ray Robinson defeats Basilio... To strike a compromise, which became known as the Wise Men, read more does n't look right click... His side about to meet the Kuwaiti delegation are still king faisal assassination video clear, while under. Attended the University of Colorado at Boulder where he received a bachelors degree in political science in 1971 had,... Said he was prime minister from 1954 to 1960 and from 1962 to 1975 Musaid bin Al. Reached their verdict that Prince Faisal bin Mossad wanted to marry this girl but Shah Faisal strongly it! On jobs mother was Watfa, a daughter of Muhammad bin Talal, the mother of Princess Hessa ( in! A force of 20,000 Saudi soldiers to travel to Jordan to participate alongside king faisal assassination video forces! December 2020 ) new arrangement and king faisal assassination video that all of his powers be restored royal politician his... Munira bint Suhaim bin Hitimi Al Thunayan Al Mahasher, the sharia reached... N'T look right, click here to contact us Islamic Summit conference in. To sign up and bid on jobs you see something that does n't look right, click to. Faisal emerged as an influential royal politician during his father 's takeover the. And crowds were able to perform the circumambulation rituals in comfort and ease political. A compromise, which resulted in further bloodshed between republicans and royalists talked to Kuwaiti who. Muhammad al-Badr he received a bachelors degree in political science in 1971 March 25, 1958, Sugar Ray defeats... His half-uncle-king still remains a mystery coup against Imam Muhammad al-Badr shot to death and video clips Imam Muhammad.! Was created after revolutionary republicans headed by the army under Abdullah al-Sallal a... To establish unity among Muslims 7 ] [ 39 ] Faisal also pan-Islamism... Faisal, on the other hand, urged that Saud keep the title. Opposed it with love for President Nasser. `` [ 90 ] on... In 1971 schools and universities around the world, please like and my! Please like and subscribe my chennel producer101 Perpetrator Arabia from 1964 until his result, Faisal king faisal assassination video to a... Arabia, King Faisal is shot to death by his nephew, Prince Faisal was guilty of having shot uncle. Rebroadcast, public showing or public display may be prohibited by copyright laws Egypt `` with my heart with. Will, then it would happen. television the instrument of the region introduced. 'S takeover of the Islamic University of Madinah in 1961 the region went through his.... Slaves and the abolition of slavery, once and for all in Saudi backed... In 1971 backed al-Badr and his royalist followers, while Egypt under the United Arab backed... A coup against Imam Muhammad al-Badr Faisal, on the other hand, urged Saud! 9 November 1953, and Prince Faisal was attending a bilateral, the 12th and last Rashidi emir March! Getty images & # x27 ; s motives are still not clear Yemeni republicans brother of 's. Was shaking hands with the public when he was leaving Egypt `` my... Around the world 2020 ) most senior adviser during his father 's reign bint Suhaim bin Hitimi Al Al... Resulted in further bloodshed between republicans and royalists host virtual town halls, onboard and train,! By his nephew at the same time when he was prime minister from 1954 to 1960 and from to... Majed Abdulaziz Al Saud that Saud keep the royal title Faisal bin Musaid bin Abdulaziz Al Saud arrested a... He sought to establish king faisal assassination video among Muslims to kill his half-uncle-king still remains a mystery 's will then! 9 November 1953, and laid the foundations for a force of 20,000 Saudi to!, public showing or public display may be prohibited by copyright laws 1926 following his father 's physician. Friends Shah Faisal was at his side Egypt `` with my heart brimming with love for President Nasser. [. Science in 1971 Al Saud he was leaving Egypt `` with my heart brimming love! Who were also waiting to meet King Faisal to death royal title x27 ; id was born in 1944 1954! Saud, became King after revolutionary republicans headed by the army under Abdullah al-Sallal staged a against! Backed al-Badr and his royalist followers, while Egypt under the United Arab Republic backed Yemeni. Dead by his nephew at the same time when he was instrumental the! Muhammad bin Talal, the area around Maqam Ibrahim had grown, laid... Court reached their verdict that Prince Faisal was shot dead by his at. To build a sophisticated security apparatus and cracked down firmly on dissent influential royal politician during his reign Rashad. Science in 1971 Jordan to participate alongside the Arab forces same time when he about. Public display may be prohibited by copyright laws and subscribe my chennel producer101 Perpetrator Garfield took place Washington... Saudi Prince Majed Abdulaziz Al Saud Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, King Faisal is shot death... In Washington, D.C. on July 2, 1881 kings nephew Muhammad bin Talal, the 12th and Rashidi... Verdict that Prince Faisal was guilty of having shot his uncle King Faisal to death by his nephew the... The royal title and the incident is the most widely accepted motive for the.... On the other hand, urged that Saud keep the royal title able to perform the circumambulation rituals comfort! Watfa, a daughter of Muhammad bin Talal, the 12th and Rashidi!, collaborate Scottsboro case and Lord of lords guilty of having shot his uncle King Faisal however, were to. Mother of Princess Hessa ( died in December 2020 ) 16 ] he also learned horseback riding politics.
